Marriage as a Sacrament in Modern India
Marriage in India has traditionally been viewed as a sacrament (sanskara), emphasizing duty, permanence, and religious sanctity. However, modern socio-economic changes have altered perceptions of marriage.
Factors Leading to Decline in Sacramental Value:
- Delayed Marriages: The median age at marriage has increased (NFHS-5: 19.2 years for women, 24.9 years for men).
- Rise in Divorce Rates: Though still low (1%), urban centers like Mumbai and Delhi report increasing cases.
- Live-in Relationships: Supreme Court recognition of such relationships reflects changing social attitudes.
- Economic Independence: Women’s workforce participation (25%, PLFS 2022) enables autonomy in marriage decisions.
- Inter-caste & Interfaith Marriages: Rising numbers challenge traditional norms.
Counterview – Continuity of Sacramental Nature:
- Religious & Cultural Influence: Ritualistic weddings remain dominant.
- Legal Backing: Personal laws uphold marriage sanctity in various religions.
- Family Expectations: Social pressure reinforces traditional roles.
Conclusion
While marriage as a sacrament faces transformation due to individualism and legal changes, it remains deeply rooted in Indian society, balancing tradition with modernity.
